Uncontested boundary dispute between Brazil and Uruguay over Braziliera/Brasiliera Island in the Quarai/Cuareim River leaves the tripoint with Argentina in question; Brazilian authorities continue working towards ending smuggling of firearms and narcotics along the Uruguay-Brazil border while the Brazilian army has set up systems to prevent Colombian-organized illegal narcotics and paramilitary activities from penetrating Brazil's border region with Venezuela
Although a pioneer in many drug rehabilitation programs, Brazil is among the largest consumer of cocaine in the world, a big producer of cannabis and has trace amounts of coca cultivation in the Amazon region used for domestic consumption. The government has a large-scale eradication program to control cannabis. Because of its geographical location, Brazil has become an important transshipment country for Bolivian, Colombian, and Peruvian cocaine headed for Europe; also used by traffickers as a way station for narcotics air transshipments between Peru and Colombia. The process of pacifying the Rio de Janeiro favelas has curbed the power of drug lords and helped reduce drug-related crimes.